Tobey, a former middle and high school math teacher, and Minton, a math consultant who provides professional development, present 25 short, research-based formative assessments for elementary teachers to use to evaluate student learning in math. They focus on using short sets of diagnostic questions, or probes, to elicit prior understandings and common misconceptions and allow instruction targeted to a specific concept. They provide information on their process and design, action-research structure, and instructional implications, with probes categorized by concept. Sample responses are included. Annotation ©2010 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)