Jung and Guskey (special education and educational psychology, U. of Kentucky) help teachers and administrators grade struggling students like those with disabilities, English learners, and those receiving services through a response-to-intervention process, using a five-step standards-based inclusive model. They describe the foundational elements needed for accurate, meaningful, and fair grading, other elements needed when assigning grades to struggling learners, then the model, which can be applied to various grade levels and involves determining if adaptations are needed for each grade-level standard, determining if an accommodation or modification is needed, establishing the appropriate expectation for each area requiring modification, applying appropriate and equitable grading practices to standards, and communicating the meaning of grades. They also address implementation steps and frequently asked questions. Annotation ©2011 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)