<div> The optical properties of carbon nanotubes and graphene make these materials potentially suitable for a variety of photonic applications. Carbon nanotubes can emit and detect light which enables the development of carbon nanotube-based displays, sensors and imaging. The demonstration of optical gain in carbon nanotubes is the first step towards producing a carbon nanotube laser, while nonlinearity in graphene opens the door to photonics applications.<BR> <br> The editors have brought together a roster of contributing experts in this book. The opening section introduces the fundamental optical properties of carbon nanotubes and graphene before exploring how carbon nanotubes and graphene are synthesized. A further chapter focuses on nonlinearity enhancement and novel preparation approaches for carbon nanotube and graphene photonic devices. Chapters in part two discuss carbon nanotubes and graphene for laser applications and highlight optical gain and lasing in carbon nanotubes, carbon nanotube and graphene-based fiber lasers, carbon-nanotube-based bulk solid-state lasers, electromagnetic nonlinearities in graphene, and carbon nanotube-based nonlinear photonic devices. Finally, part three explores carbon-based optoelectronics and includes chapters on carbon nanotube solar cells, a carbon nanotube-based optical platform for biomolecular detection, hybrid carbon nanotube-liquid crystal nanophotonic devices, and quantum light sources based on individual carbon nanotubes.</div>