<DIV>This groundbreaking study engages with the theoretical aspects of realism--a long neglected area in film studies. It contributes to an understanding of how popular films use realist forms to address contentious social and political issues such as social exclusion, war, and violence. Focusing on key moments in film history the authors examine the uses of realism in national cinemas as a context for their in-depth analysis of contemporary popular films.<br></div>