Kilpatrick (U. of Georgia), Swafford, and Findell (members of the National Research Council staff) present the results of the Mathematics Learning Study Committee concerning what needs to be done to boost the mathematical performance of America's students. The 11 chapters explore how students learn mathematics in the elementary schools and what changes could lead to improvement during these critical years. The research identifies the five components of mathematical proficiency and provides advice for reaching targeted goals. It also emphasizes the coordination of curriculum, instructional materials, assessment, instruction, professional development, and school organization. Finally, it addresses whether children should learn computation methods before understanding the concept, the role of concrete manipulatives, student and teacher expectations, and other questions. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)