Examines changes in nephrology as it evolves from a focus on end-stage renal disease (ESRD) to treating earlier stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Once patients reach ESRD, treatments are limited to kidney transplantation and dialysis. However, the progression of earlier stages of CKD can be slowed, halted, or reversed when treated. Clinics are still establishing best-practice models, and reimbursement remains a challenge.