Now retired (The American U.), in the early 1960s Mardin set out to fill in some of the processes of the 19th-century reform movement in Turkey that he found missing from the work of Turkish historians of the 1950s. He notes that some new work has been written, and that several dissertations are in the oven, but thinks his insights still have value. The 1962 edition was published by Princeton University Press. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)