<span><span><span>The beginnings of Gothic art can be dated towards the middle of the 12th century. Starting from the Ile de France, this artistic movement spread throughout Europe, embracing all fields of artistic endeavor and lasting in some regions until the 16th century. The most obvious architectural developments involved the introduction of the ogival arch, flying buttresses, spires, and galleries which permitted the lightening of walls and the construction of taller buildings. <br>This survey ranges from illustrated manuscripts through the great cathedrals of Europe and artists such as Fabriano, Simone MartiniMeister Bertram, Pisanello, Nicola Pisano, and<br>Claus Sluter. </span></span><br /></span>